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Title: Newell W. Spicer and Friend Dick
Description: This portrait, taken ca. 1861-1865, depicts Newell W. Spicer and his friend Dick. Both served in the First Kansas Volunteer Infantry.
Object Type: Image

Title: General Orders, No. 2
Description: Col. J.J. Gravely and Lieut. H. Mitchel of the Missouri State Militia issued General Order No. 2 on August 26, 1864. They instruct officers of companies stationed in Springfield, Missouri to prohibit their soldiers from leaving camp without permission. As punishment, "any soldier found absent from his command . . . will be arrested and confined."
Date: August 26, 1864

Title: From John A. Bushnell to Eugenia Bronaugh
Description: John A. Bushnell writes from St. Louis, Missouri on August 4, 1864 to Eugenia Bronaugh in Hickory Grove, Missouri. John worries about tension between the radical and conservative parties, declaring there is “more bitter feeling between them than ever was between the Secesh and Union parties.” John believes it may not be prudent for him to return home, because of “the way I was treated before I left, and the way I have been treated since I left.” He hints that he must censor his letter since “it might be seen by others.”
Date: August 4, 1864

Title: From W. Leonard Birney to A. Comingo
Description: This letter, dated November 9, 1863, is from Sgt. W. Leonard Birney in Plattsburg, Missouri to Capt. A. Comingo, Provost Marshal of the 6th district of Missouri. Birney states that he has enclosed vouchers for military expenditures and asks Comingo to verify whether he filled them out correctly.
Date: November 9, 1863

Title: William Jenkins
Description: This sepia carte de visite depicts Capt. William Jenkins, who served in Company C, Seventh Kansas Volunteer Cavalry. The photograph, ca. 1861-1865, was produced by Armstead & White of Corinth, Mississippi.
Object Type: Image

Title: From Elias Stover to William Sayer Blakely
Description: Elias Stover writes a letter from Camp Blair, Kansas on March 25, 1862 to his friend William Sayer Blakely. Three days prior, Stover says, he marched into Missouri along with Maj. Pomeroy and 70 other men from the 2nd Kansas Cavalry Regiment. They ambushed a house where William Quantrill and his men were staying; they killed eight people, took six prisoner, stole horses and arms, and burned down the house, but Quantrill escaped.
Date: March 25, 1862

Title: Discharge of George McMillin
Description: These are the official discharge papers for George McMillin, who served as a private under Captain James Dunne in Company A of the 1st Regiment of Missouri Engineers from 1861 to 1864. The document, dated July 22, 1864, describes McMillin as a 23 year old farmer from Gentry County, Missouri. He was discharged after completing his term of service.
Date: July 22, 1864

Title: From John M. Schofield to Thomas Carney
Description: This letter, written on the letterhead of Headquarters, Department of the Missouri and dated August 29, 1863, was sent by John M. Schofield in St. Louis to Kansas Governor Thomas Carney in Topeka, Kansas. Writing in the aftermath of Quantrill’s raid on Lawrence, Kansas, Major General Schofield states his hope that President Lincoln will appoint a Court of Inquiry to investigate the raid. Schofield refers to a meeting proposed for September 8, 1863 in Paola, Kansas, in which participants plan to enter Missouri “to recover their stolen property.” Schofield emphasizes the need to preempt this potentially violent meeting.
Date: August 29, 1863

Title: James J. Akard's Appointment and Commission to Colonel
Description: In this document, Missouri Governor Thomas C. Fletcher appoints and commissions James J. Akard as Colonel of the Polk and Cedar Counties Regiment in the Missouri Militia.
Date: June 23, 1865

Title: Quarterly Return of Ordnance and Ordnance Stores, 1863
Description: This military document is a return of ordnance and ordnance stores for Company "A" 8th Cavalry Regiment Missouri State Militia under command of Captain James J. Akard for the third quarter of 1863.
Date: May 26, 1865

Title: Certificate of a Lost Horse on October 8th, 1864
Description: In this military document, Captain James J. Akard certifies that one horse of the Missouri State Militia 8th Cavalry Regiment Company "A" was killed during the Battle of Jefferson City on October 8, 1864.
Date: February 16, 1865

Title: Invoice of Quartermasters Stores
Description: This military document is a Quartermasters Stores Invoice for the Missouri State Militia 8th Cavalry Regiment Company "A" that shows the transfer of iron and nails from Lieutenant M. W. Johnson and Lieutenant James J. Akard.
Date: August 4, 1862

Title: Gen. Samuel R. Curtis
Description: Black and white portrait of General Samuel R. Curtis, seated and in uniform. One of the first Republicans elected to Congress representing Iowa's 1st congressional district, Curtis resigned his seat in 1861 to join the Union Army. Curtis commanded Union forces to several victories during the Civil War, including at the Battle of Pea Ridge and the Battle of Westport.
Object Type: Image

Title: From A.J. Huntoon to Lizzie P. Huntoon
Description: This letter was written on July 7, 9, and 11, 1861 by A.J. Huntoon in Williamsport, Shawnee County, Kansas, to his wife Lizzie P. Huntoon. A.J. describes a party he attended on July 4 in Topeka, Kansas, and states that he enlisted in the service as part of “the Lane guards.” He says that since Lizzie is away from home, “I feel that there is no excuse for not taking an active part in this struggle for freedom & humanity…Such as can leave should be the first to offer themselves, & I feel that I am one.” A.J. adds that he recruited three local men for his company.
Date: July 7, 1861-July 11, 1861

Title: From Joseph H. Trego to Alice Trego
Description: This letter, dated September 7 and 8, 1862, is from Joseph H. Trego in Helena, Arkansas to his wife Alice. Trego, a lieutenant in the 5th Kansas Cavalry Regiment, reports that he and several of his fellow soldiers are ill, that his regiment is “badly managed,” and that he has considered leaving the regiment. He predicts that “much fighting must necessarily be done this coming winter and we are likely to be called upon to do our full share.”
Date: September 7, 1862-September 8, 1862

Title: From Charles Adair to Samuel Lyle Adair
Description: This letter was written ca. 1862 by Charles Adair in camp in Missouri to his father Samuel Lyle Adair. Charles reports that his company has been on the march through Missouri and recently passed “Col. Riches camp on cow creek where we found him & his Indians they had had a battle with the sesech a few days before and whipped them…the sesech attacked him & when the Indians heard the firing they shot all the prisoners they had on hand…wheather Richey approved of it or not I do not know, it was a barberous act at any rate.”

Title: From L. Maria Child to James Montgomery
Description: On December 26, 1861, L. Maria Child writes from Wayland, Massachusetts to Col. James Montgomery. Child writes of her interest in and support for Kansas, asking “Are there any regiments, except those from Kansas, upon whom we can rely, with certainty, as the protector of poor hunted slaves?” She discusses the possibility of war with England, and the “strange alliance…of England with slave-holders.” Child says that she has enclosed several knitted several items she made for Montgomery and John Brown, Jr.
Date: December 26, 1861

Title: Quarterly Return of Ordnance and Ordnance Stores, 1864
Description: This military document is a return of ordnance and ordnance stores for Company "A" 8th Cavalry Regiment Missouri State Militia under command of Captain James J. Akard for the second quarter of 1864.
Date: July 7, 1864

Title: Act to Provide for Calling a State Convention, 1861
Description: This act, approved January 21, 1861 by Missouri Secretary of State B.F. Massey in Jefferson City, Missouri, calls for a state convention to consider the “relations between the Government of the United States… and the Government and people of the State of Missouri; and to adopt such measures for vindicating the sovereignty of the State, and the protection of its institutions, as shall appear to them to be demanded.” The act states that delegates to the convention will be elected by popular vote on February 18, 1861 and will convene in Jefferson City on February 28, 1861. The document is signed by B.F. Massey and Missouri Gov. Claiborne Fox Jackson.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: January 21, 1861

Title: Diary of Dr. J.H.P. Baker
Description: This is an excerpt from the diary of Dr. J.H.P. Baker, an army doctor working under the command of Gen. Joseph O. Shelby. The entries included here are from October 10-27, 1864. Baker discusses conscription, bushwhackers, travelling across Missouri, and marching to Price’s headquarters. He mentions the Battle of Boonville, the Second Battle of Lexington, the Battle of the Big Blue, the Second Battle of Independence, the Battle of Westport, and the Battle of Cedar Creek.
Object Type: Diary
Date: October 10, 1864-October 27, 1864

Civil War on the Western Border: The Missouri-Kansas Conflict, 1854-1865

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