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Title
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From William S. Field to George R. Smith
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Description
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On May 27, 1856, William S. Field writes from Lexington, Missouri to Gen. George R. Smith in Georgetown, Pettis County, Missouri. Field states that he has consented to run for Circuit Attorney if he becomes the nominee for the American party, and will likely run against Mr. Crews of Saline County, Missouri. He refers to "the contest for Congress" between Smith and Mr. Akers, and warns Smith that "Many here are trying to slay you on the negro question, which is unjust & wrong."
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Date
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May 27, 1856
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Title
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1st Kansas Colored Infantry flag
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Description
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Regimental flag of the First Kansas Colored Volunteer Infantry, who triumphed over the Missouri State Guard in the Battle of Island Mound. It was the first battle of the Civil War to be fought by a regiment of African-American soldiers.
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Object Type
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Image
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Title
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Ho for Kansas!
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Description
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One of Benjamin "Pap" Singleton's fliers urging African Americans to leave for Kansas. Ultimately, Singleton's advertisements prompted thousands of individuals and families to leave the South.
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Object Type
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Leaflet
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Date
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March 18, 1878
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Title
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Application of Montgomery Slemons
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Description
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This is Montgomery Slemons’s application for compensation from the United States government for the military service of his slave, George. The application, dated November 14, 1866, includes an oath of allegiance to the United States, a statement that Slemons lawfully acquired George, and the signatures of two witnesses, a lawyer, and a notary public in Clinton County, Missouri. A note in pencil on the second page indicates that the application was rejected. Also included is a signed statement that Slemons lawfully purchased another slave, Nat.
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Object Type
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Legal Document
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Date
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November 14, 1866
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Title
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From S.H. Holmes to A. Comingo
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Description
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This letter, dated December 21, 1863, is from S.H. Holmes in Liberty, Missouri to Capt. A. Comingo, Provost Marshal of the 6th district of Missouri. Holmes reports that he arrested a deserter and turned him over to Col. Moss. Holmes asks Comingo to give him the authority to make arrests, claiming that otherwise "it will be next to impossible for me to discharge my duties as an officer of my Government."
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Date
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December 21, 1863
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Title
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From T.W.B. Rockwell to Robert M. Stewart
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Description
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This letter was written on March 16, 1859 by T.W.B. Rockwell in Butler, Bates County, Missouri to Missouri Gov. Robert M. Stewart. Rockwell reports “we…had the Border Bill published in our county paper...the people wish to be organized & as yet I am unable to give them any satisfaction.” He adds, "Affairs are not as quiet as they were," since "we had one negro stolen."
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Date
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March 16, 1859
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Title
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From Leigh R. Webber to Miss Brown
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Description
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On August 30 and 31, 1862, Leigh R. Webber writes from Gibson County, Tennessee to Miss Brown. Webber says there are rumors that his regiment may go back to Kansas, but he hopes not. He writes that some of his fellow soldiers say "they had rather go to hell than to Lawrence and that it is the meanest place they were ever in, full of damned Abolitionists." Webber also offers his opinion that "guerrillas infest the country just in proportion, as the great rebel armies...are successful."
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Date
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August 30, 1862 - August 31, 1862
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Title
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From Daniel R. Anthony to Sister
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Description
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This letter, dated February 3, 1862, was written by Daniel R. Anthony in Mound City, Kansas, to his sister. Anthony’s command will march the following day to Humboldt, Kansas; he also plans to visit the Cherokee Nation where “there are 6,000 or 7,000 friendly Indians…ready and willing to fight all rebeldom.” He says that when his troops are on the march, they free and arm every slave they meet, hoping to incite a slave insurrection. Anthony notes that many men believe Frederick Douglass should come to Kansas and raise a regiment of blacks.
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Date
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February 3, 1862
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Title
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Emancipation Ordinance of Missouri
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Description
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Commemorative lithograph celebrating the emancipation of Missouri slaves by ordinance of Governor Thomas C. Fletcher on January 11, 1865, three weeks before the Thirteenth Amendment was proposed by Congress.
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Object Type
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Image
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Title
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List of Colored Recruits Enlisted, 6th District Missouri
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Description
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This December 1863 military roll lists the names of "colored recruits" enlisted in the 30th sub-district of the 6th congressional district of Missouri in Chariton County. The roll provides the soldiers' physical characteristics, occupations, birthplaces, and the names of their owners.
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Date
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December 1863
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Title
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Western University, Quindaro, Kansas
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Description
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A photograph of Ward Hall and Industrial Building, Western University, once located in the now abandoned town of Quindaro, Wyandotte County, Kansas. This image is included in the 1911 publication of "History of Wyandotte County, Kansas, and its people". Western University opened in 1865 as an exclusively African American college.
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Object Type
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Image
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Title
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Amos Adams Lawrence
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Description
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Portrait of Amos A. Lawrence, namesake of Lawrence, Kansas.
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Object Type
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Image
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Title
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Union Men and Their Sufferings in North-Western Missouri
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Description
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This 1864 pamphlet, entitled “Union Men and Their Sufferings in North-Western Missouri,” was written by Major J.M. Bassett, former Provost Marshal-General of the Northwest District of Missouri. Bassett provides a “glance at the history of the Rebellion in Northwest Missouri,” admitting “it may be that my hatred for rebels is too intense, my sympathy for loyal men too strong, to make every sentence I write acceptable to all.” The pamphlet, which features several black-and-white illustrations, was published by the Press of Wynkcop, Hallenbeck, and Thomas in New York, with proceeds from its sale given to The Ladies’ Aid Society of St. Joseph, Missouri.
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Date
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1864
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Title
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From George H. Hoyt to Charles Robinson
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Description
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On August 12, 1862, George H. Hoyt writes from Leavenworth, Kansas, to Kansas Gov. Charles Robinson. Hoyt states that Gen. Lane has given Col. Jennison “the authority…to organize the colored regiments in the State…with no conditions of any sort.” Hoyt says that Jennison will be pleased to receive suggestions from Robinson regarding this work.
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Date
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August 12, 1862
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Title
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From Henry H. Harris to Isaac C. Dodge
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Description
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This letter, dated February 14, 1867, is from Henry H. Harris of Arrow Rock, Missouri to attorney Isaac C. Dodge of St. Louis. Harris states that he is sending Dodge claims from two former slave owners seeking compensation from the United States government for the military service of their slaves. The first claim, he says, is from Bemis Brown, former owner of eight male slaves, and the second is from Mary C. George, former owner of one male slave. Harris also asks Dodge about the status of a previous claim.
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Date
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February 14, 1867
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Title
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Second Inaugural Address
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Description
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This is a copy of the inaugural speech President Lincoln delivered at the start of his second term, on March 4, 1865. In his speech, Lincoln attributes the cause of the Civil War to slavery: “To strengthen, perpetuate and extend this interest was the object for which the insurgents would rend the Union by war.” He expresses hope for the future of the country, while emphasizing that his fight against slavery is not over. He concludes with a plea for “a just and a lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.”
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Object Type
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Speech
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Date
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March 4, 1865
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Title
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From Florella Brown Adair to Samuel Lyle Adair and Emma Adair
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Description
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On September 6, 1860, Florella Brown Adair writes from Grafton, Ohio to her husband Samuel Lyle Adair and daughter Emma Adair. Florella says that her friends think she should spend the winter in Ohio instead of returning to Kansas, and that “if you & Emma were out of Kansas I should be glad & we would not return there until things are better in temporal prospects.” Florella shares a rumor about a Methodist preacher in Osawatomie, Kansas, who was seen several times with “colored emegrants” on their way to Canada. “I am inclined to think he has been falsely accused by free state men in Kansas” she concludes.
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Date
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September 6, 1860
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Title
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Kansas Executive Department Council Journal
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Description
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This excerpt from the 1855 Kansas Executive Committee Council Journal records the Council’s discussion of various proposed acts and bills. These acts and bills address topics such as coal mining, the territorial capital at Lecompton, Kansas, enacting a state census and state constitutional convention, enforcing the Fugitive Slave Law, and voting rights for American Indians. The journal also features correspondence from Andrew Reeder.
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Object Type
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Government Document
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Date
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1855
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Title
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From Thomas Hart Benton to Unknown
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Description
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In this letter ca. 1856-1858 to an unknown recipient, Senator Thomas Hart Benton provides evidence to prove his place of residence in St. Louis in order to run for office in Missouri. He states that he first arrived in St. Louis in 1815, “bringing with me slaves.” Benton relates details of his family’s connections to St. Louis, asserting that he “never thought of quitting the state.” He gives the names of three witnesses who can verify that St. Louis is his place of residence.
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Title
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From John A. Bushnell to Eugenia Bronaugh
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Description
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John A. Bushnell writes a letter from St. Louis to Eugenia Bronaugh of Hickory Grove, Missouri on August 3, 1864. He tells her that one of his former slaves was arrested and brutally attacked in Sedalia, Missouri, and he expresses hope that the Conservative Party will put an end to the violence and lawlessness. He tells Eugenia that he wishes he could write to her freely, without “the fear of fiendish eyes,” but he suspects that all of the letters he sends her are intercepted and read.
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Date
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August 3, 1864
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