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Title
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From John Tasmilen to John Ament
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Description
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This 1864 letter was written by John Tasmilen in Centralia, Missouri to John Ament. Declaring that “slavery is dead” and the war nearly over, John predicts that preachers will try to take credit for ending slavery, “but they lie, they sanctioned it as long as they could.” John encourages Ament to return to Cass County, Missouri: “I think you would find a great political change since you left…so that I think you might feel safe.”
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Date
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1864
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Title
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From W.W. Thayer to James Montgomery
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Description
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On April 16, 1861, W.W. Thayer of Boston writes a letter to James Montgomery, encouraging him to mount an insurrection in the South and help liberate the slaves. Thayer argues that an organized slave rebellion could bring a swift end to the war: “a bloody war full of horrors concentrated into a few days or months would be far preferable to one consuming time, money, lives.” He warns Montgomery that the people of the South are brave and that they “will fight to the bitter End.” A note from R.J. Hinton at the bottom of the letter states that James Lane was recently put in command of 1,000 troops in Washington.
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Date
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April 16, 1861
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Title
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1860 Missouri Census Table
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Description
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This ca. 1860 printed document presents the results of the 1860 Missouri census, showing the population of whites, “free colored” and slaves in each county. The table lists the total state population as 1,182,012, with 1,063,599 whites, 3,572 Free Colored, and 114,931 slaves. Lafayette County has the largest slave population with 6,374 slaves. The table also reveals a small American Indian population in Gasconade and Jackson Counties.
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Object Type
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Government Document
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Title
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From Frederick Starr to Dear Father and All
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Description
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On October 30, 1854, Frederick Starr writes from Weston, Missouri to “Dear Father and all.” Starr describes the hostile atmosphere in Weston: “for 2 years I have lived in this community, and because I was born in the north, have been belied, opposed & persecuted…I have been stigmatized as an abolitionist, & everything done to drive me from the country that could be done.” Starr also writes about attending a meeting of the Self Defensive Association of Platte County, Missouri, to give his opinions on slavery and answer charges of abolitionism.
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Date
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October 30, 1854
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Title
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Lists of Slaves Enlisted from the 8th Sub-District, Missouri
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Description
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These military rolls list the names of slaves enlisted in the United States service in January and February 1864. The recruits were enlisted in the 8th sub-district of the 6th congressional district of Missouri in Ray County. The lists are dated March 30, 1864 and are signed by G.N. Black, Recruiting Agent.
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Date
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March 30, 1864
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Title
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Application of Thomas P. Burris
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Description
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This is Thomas P. Burris’s application for compensation from the United States government for the military service of his slave, Phillip. The application, dated November 10, 1866, includes an oath of allegiance to the United States, a power of attorney transfer to Isaac C. Dodge, and the signature of a notary public in Cooper County, Missouri. A note in pencil on the fourth page indicates that the application was rejected. Attached are two bills from 1855 declaring the sale of slaves to Burris, of Howard County, Missouri.
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Object Type
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Legal Document
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Date
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February 7, 1855-November 10, 1866
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Title
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From James H. Moss to A.W. Doniphan
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Description
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On October 3, 1863, James H. Moss writes from Liberty, Missouri to Col. A.W. Doniphan. Moss describes his recent efforts to restore order in Clay and Platte Counties, Missouri by raising a local military force. He writes that the newspapers have been publishing "reckless" lies about his activities, and urges Doniphan not to believe what he reads. Moss asks Doniphan to explain the situation to Gov. Gamble, adding, "We have had perfect quiet in Clay and Platte for five days and nights past."
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Date
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October 3, 1863
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Title
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Application of Martha A. Barker
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Description
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This is Martha A. Barker’s application for compensation from the United States government for the military service of her slave, Henry Lewis. The application, dated December 1, 1866, includes an oath of allegiance to the United States, a statement that Barker lawfully purchased her slave, and the signatures of four witnesses and a notary public in Carroll County, Missouri. A note in pencil on the first page indicates that the application was rejected.
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Object Type
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Legal Document
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Date
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December 1, 1866
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Title
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Reconstruction
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Description
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Lithograph of Horatio Bateman's allegorical illustration of the reconciliation between the North and the South following the end of the Civil War and the beginning of the Reconstruction Era.
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Object Type
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Image
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Title
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List of Colored Recruits Enlisted, 6th District Missouri
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Description
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This 1864 military roll lists the names of "colored recruits" enlisted in the 27th, 28th, 29th, and 30th sub-districts of the 6th congressional district of Missouri in Chariton County. The document is signed and dated February 20, 1864 by John Cunningham, Asst. Provost Marshal of Chariton County.
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Date
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February 20, 1864
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Title
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Nathan Bedford Forrest, CSA General
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Description
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Carte de visite portrait of Confederate General and first Grand Dragon of the Ku Klux Klan, Nathan Bedford Forrest, circa 1863-1870.
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Object Type
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Image
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Title
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List of Colored Recruits Enlisted, 6th District Missouri
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Description
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This January 1864 military roll lists the names of "colored recruits" enlisted in the 28th sub-district of the 6th congressional district of Missouri in Chariton County. The roll provides the soldiers' physical characteristics, occupations, birthplaces, and the names of their owners.
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Date
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January 1864
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Title
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Emancipation Day Celebration
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Description
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Photograph of former Texas slaves celebrating Juneteenth in the "East Woods" on 24th Street in Austin, Texas, June 19, 1900.
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Object Type
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Image
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Date
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June 19, 1900
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Title
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A Negro Regiment in Action
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Description
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This is a print of a Thomas Nast wood engraving, originally published in Harper’s Weekly on March 14, 1863. It depicts the Battle of Island Mound, the first Civil War battle to include African-American troops. In that battle, the 1st Kansas Colored Volunteers triumphed over a band of pro-Confederate guerrillas in Bates County, Missouri on October 29, 1862.
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Object Type
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Image
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Date
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March 14, 1863
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Title
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From R.C. Ewing to George R. Smith
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Description
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On June 18, 1856, R.C. Ewing writes from Lexington, Missouri to Gen. George R. Smith. Ewing warns Smith that his opinions regarding Kansas "are doing you…damage in Saline, Lafayette, and Jackson" counties in Missouri because "those who control matters here, say they are afraid of the effect of compromising anything on the Slavery question." Ewing predicts that these three counties will oppose Smith's nomination.
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Date
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June 18, 1856
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Title
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From Joseph H. Trego to Alice Trego
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Description
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This letter, dated September 30, 1862, is from Joseph H. Trego, a lieutenant in the 5th Kansas Cavalry Regiment, to his wife Alice. Trego, writing from Helena, Arkansas, says that he was sick the previous week, and that several of the soldiers in his regiment are severely ill: “There are three lying in the hospital now awaiting coffins. We will all be thankful if we ever get out of this place.” He adds that he was pleased to learn of Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation.
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Date
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September 30, 1862
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Title
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Application of James R. Eshill
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Description
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This is James R. Eshill’s application for compensation from the United States government for the military service of his slave, Allen. The application, dated November 9, 1866, includes an oath of allegiance to the United States, a power of attorney transfer to Isaac C. Dodge, and a statement that Eshill, of Howard County, Missouri, lawfully purchased his slave. The application is signed by four witnesses and a notary public in Cooper County, Missouri.
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Object Type
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Legal Document
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Date
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November 9, 1866
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Title
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From P. McClanahan to A. Comingo
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Description
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On December 20, 1863, P. McClanahan writes from Independence, Missouri to Capt. A. Comingo in Lexington, Missouri. McClanahan requests authorization to add names to the military enrollment lists since they are incorrect. He says he is glad Maj. Gen. Schofield "is not removed," and hopes he will be retained. McClanahan also asks Comingo to authorize William Rodewald to recruit blacks for the service.
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Date
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December 20, 1863
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Title
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From Frederick Starr to Dear Father
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Description
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On February 26, 1855, Frederick Starr writes from Weston, Missouri to his father. Starr states that after the Self Defensive Association ordered all free blacks to leave the city within 30 days, the local citizens armed themselves to prevent the order being carried out. Ten days later, the citizens forced “a mulatto barber, who was in the habit of gambling & drinking with white men,” to leave the city; “To this no one made any objection for he was generally considered a bad citizen.” Starr adds that the community has turned against Gen. Stringfellow, who was accused of calling all servants “whores.”
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Date
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February 26, 1855
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Title
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Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, 1862
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Description
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This Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation to take effect on Janurary 1st, 1863, only granted freedom to slaves residing in states in active rebellion. The document is so conditional that Union captured counties or cities of seceded states such as New Orleans were not subject to this Proclamation.
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Object Type
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Government Document
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Date
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September 22, 1862
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