Civil War

Title: Examination of Archibald Lincoln
Description: This is Archibald Lincoln's 1866 Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Lincoln, a 44-year-old Missouri native, states that he served as a Lieutenant in Garth's company during the war. He also says that he "advised several to keep out of" the rebel service. The oath is No. 195 in a bound volume.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: From T.W.B. Rockwell to Robert M. Stewart
Description: This letter was written on February 28, 1859 by T.W.B. Rockwell in Butler, Bates County, Missouri to Missouri Gov. Robert M. Stewart. Rockwell states that he arrived in Butler that day and found the citizens in a state of alarm after several thefts by "collections of thieves" from Kansas. Among the items taken were "fifty stand of those guns that was in charge of Capt. Weaver." Rockwell says that many citizens of Bates County have moved to the central and eastern portions of the county in an effort to escape the thieves; "What must our President think of this," he asks.
Date: February 28, 1859

Title: From Thomas Carney to James L. McDowell
Description: This letter, dated June 26, 1863, was written by Kansas Governor Thomas Carney in Washington, DC, to James L. McDowell. Carney writes that Edwin Stanton, Secretary of War, has refused to approve Major General Schofield’s order to raise a regiment. Carney says that if necessary he will “foot the bill” himself to defend “helpless women and children” from the “brutal...ruffian raids that have so long cursed our state.”
Date: June 26, 1863

Title: Sterling Price
Description: Portrait of General Sterling Price taken by photographer Daniel T. Cowell in 1862.
Object Type: Image
Date: 1862

Title: Map of Douglas County, Kansas
Description: This map of Douglas County, Kansas Territory was drawn by I. Cooper Stuck in July of 1857. The map is marked with the locations of individual people's land claims.
Object Type: Map
Date: July 1857

Title: Thomas Clement Fletcher
Description: Painted portrait of Missouri Governor Thomas C. Fletcher. Fletcher served as Governor from 1865 to 1869, and is remembered for issuing the proclamation abolishing slavery in Missouri.
Object Type: Image
Date: n.d.

Title: From William Clarke Quantrill to William W. Scott
Description: William Clarke Quantrill writes a letter from Olathe, Kansas to William W. Scott on January 22, 1858. Quantrill reports the results of a recent election on the Lecompton Constitution, which he refers to as the "Lecompton swindle." He mentions a recent skirmish at Fort Scott and declares it "a pity" that the Kansas settlers "had not shot every Missourian that was there." He also calls James Henry Lane "as good a man as we have here" and describes Kansas Democrats as "rascals."
Date: January 22, 1858

Title: Office of the Freedmen's Bureau, Memphis, Tennessee
Description: Harper's Weekly illustration of the Freedmen's Bureau Office in Memphis, Tennessee. The Freedmen's Bureau provided support for African Americans’ transition from slavery to freedom.
Object Type: Image
Date: June 2, 1866

Title: First Battle of Lexington
Description: The charge of the Irish Regiment (Colonel Mulligan) over the breastworks at Lexington, Missouri.
Object Type: Image
Date: October 12, 1861

Title: From J.H. Smith to A. Comingo
Description: On March 17, 1864, Assistant Provost Marshal J.H. Smith writes from the Headquarters of the 3rd Sub-District, Central Missouri in Warrensburg, Missouri, presumably to Capt. A. Comingo, Provost Marshal for the 6th District of Missouri. Smith states that he is sending a list of "colored recruits" enlisted from Lafayette, Jackson, and Saline Counties since January 1, 1864.
Date: March 17, 1864

Title: Hamilton Rowan Gamble
Description: Photograph of Hamilton Rowan Gamble, former justice of the Missouri Supreme Court and provisional governor of Missouri who replaced then deposed Governor Claiborne Fox Jackson on July 28, 1861.
Date: n.d.

Title: Little Blue River, Jackson County, MO
Description: This photograph of the Little Blue River was taken in the northwest section of Longview Farm, Longview Road, Lees Summit, Jackson County, MO
Object Type: Image
Date: n.d.

Title: Diary of Lewis Timothy Litchfield
Description: This is an excerpt from the diary of Lewis Thomas Litchfield, written between 1854 and 1855. Litchfield writes about leaving Boston and travelling to Kansas with a party from the Emigrant Aid Society. He describes the pioneer camp established near the junction of the Kansas and Wakarusa Rivers, voting to name the settlement "Lawrence," and construction of the first building. Litchfield also mentions a burgeoning conflict between the Kansas settlers and the Missourians.
Object Type: Diary
Date: 1854-1855

Title: Examination of W.H. Whithoff
Description: This is W.H. Whithoff's 1866 Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Whithoff, a 36-year-old native of Prussia, states that he has been a resident of Missouri for 14 years. The oath is No. 140 in a bound volume.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: From P. McClanahan to A. Comingo
Description: On December 17, 1863, P. McClanahan writes from Independence, Missouri to Capt. A. Comingo, Provost Marshal for the 6th District of Missouri. McClanahan reports that members of the 11th Kansas Volunteers are camped at Sibley, Missouri, "for the purpose of enticing Negroes from Clay Co." He therefore recommends appointing H.W. Rodewald as a recruiting officer to enlist all black men passing through the area: "I have no doubt but Rodewald would bring them all up."
Date: December 17, 1863

Title: Soldier, Eleventh Kansas Volunteer Cavalry
Description: This sepia carte de visite, ca. 1861-1865, depicts an unidentified soldier who served in the Eleventh Kansas Volunteer Cavalry. The carte de visite was produced by S.M. Eby & Son in Kansas City, Missouri. Carte de visites were small photographs that were often used as calling cards and became very popular during the Civil War.
Object Type: Image

Title: From George E. Young to My Dear Father
Description: This letter, dated August 23, 1863, is from George E. Young in Minneola, Kansas to his father. Young writes that he was in Lawrence on the day of Quantrill's Raid and "came very near being killed." He describes how the attackers approached the boarding house where he was staying, ordered all the women and children to leave, then lined up the men and shot at them. Young tells his father that he ran away and hid in a nearby cellar, narrowly escaping death.
Date: August 23, 1863

Title: Letters and Telegrams Sent (Provost Marshal's Office, 6th District Missouri)
Description: This notebook contains copies of letters and telegrams sent from the Provost Marshal's Office, 6th District of Missouri, in Lexington Missouri, between May 21, 1864 and November 3, 1864. The letters, written by A. Comingo, Provost Marshal of the 6th District of Missouri, address topics such as guerrilla activity in Chariton County, Missouri and reopening the Provost Marshal's office in Lexington following "the rebel invasion." Correspondents include Missouri Provost Marshal General E.B. Alexander, U.S. Provost Marshal General James B. Fry, and Maj. Gen. W.S. Rosecrans.
Date: May 21, 1864-November 3, 1864

Title: Requisition for Ordnance and Ordnance Stores
Description: This military document is a requisition for ordnance and ordnance stores made in duplicate by James J. Akard, Captain of Company "A" 8th Cavalry Regiment, Missouri State Militia.
Date: 1863-1865

Title: From Orville Chester Brown to Friend Pomroy
Description: These are two drafts of a letter written by Orville Chester Brown to his friend Pomroy on December 12, 1861. Brown decries the evil of slavery, declaring that it has “poisoned and demoralized not only the social and political system, but the most sacred fountains of justice.” Congress will be meeting soon to discuss slavery, Brown says, and he hopes that they will end “the barbaric institution.” If slaves are legal property, he reasons, and if Congress has passed laws confiscating the property of rebels, then the rebels’ slaves should be confiscated and set free.
Date: December 12, 1861

Civil War on the Western Border: The Missouri-Kansas Conflict, 1854-1865

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