Civil War

Title: From Edward and Sarah Fitch to Dear Mother
Description: Edward Fitch, along with his wife Sarah, writes a letter to his mother in Massachusetts on December 8, 1861. They describe their family’s Thanksgiving celebration in Lawrence, Kansas, where they served a baked turkey and twenty-five pies. Edward goes on to criticize James Henry Lane and accuses him of stealing money. He also expresses disappointment about the removal of John Fremont from military command: “He has been grossly abused by men in high places because they thought he was getting to be more popular than they themselves were.”
Date: December 8, 1861

Title: "An Abolition Trick Exposed!" Eh?
Description: This broadside was published by H. Miles Moore, a writer for the Weston Reporter in Platte County, Missouri, on August 12, 1854. Moore responds to B.F. Stringfellow’s accusations that he is a Freesoiler and “the secret tool of abolitionists.” He angrily denies the charges and claims to despise abolitionists. He includes a letter, signed by 17 other Platte County citizens, that accuses Stringfellow of publicly stating that “all who labor for their daily bread . . . are slaves” and “all females who labor for their daily bread are whores.”
Object Type: Broadside
Date: August 12, 1854

Title: Edward Flanders
Description: This carte de visite depicts Edward Flanders, who served in Company A, Fifth Kansas Volunteer Cavalry. The photograph was produced ca. 1861-1865.
Object Type: Image

Title: Monument to the Eighth Kansas Volunteer Infantry
Description: This photograph depicts a monument to the Eighth Kansas Volunteer Infantry, commanded by Col. John A. Martin and Generals August Willich, T.J. Wood, and Gordon Granger. A bronze plaque commemorates the regiment's November 23, 1863 battle at Missionary Ridge, which is now a part of Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park. The photograph was taken by Schmedling of Chattanooga, Tennessee.
Object Type: Image

Title: Missouri State Militia Special Order to Receive New Privates
Description: By order of Colonel Joseph J. Gravely, 1st Lt. H. L. Lattrell instructs Capt. James J. Akard to recieve new privates who have not yet reported after being transferred from Missouri State Militia 8th Cavalry Regiment Companies "E" and "F" to Company "A".
Date: January 4, 1864

Title: From John S. Jones to George R. Smith
Description: On June 30, 1854, John S. Jones writes from the National Hotel in Washington, DC to Gen. George R. Smith. Jones wishes Smith well in the legislative elections, but admits that he hopes "a good Democrat will beat you by a small majority." He declares that Old Bullion "has thrown him self in the arms of Free Soilers and Abolitionists," and adds that he hopes Price is not elected.
Object Type: Letter
Date: June 30, 1854

Title: The Surrender of General Lee
Description: Illustration of General Lee surrendering to General Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 12, 1865.
Object Type: Image
Date: n.d.

Title: S.B. Wade
Description: This carte de visite depicts Sgt. S.B. Wade, who served in the Fifth Kansas Volunteer Cavalry. The photograph was produced ca. 1861-1865.
Object Type: Image

Title: Examination of Michiel Castalo
Description: This is Michiel Castalo's Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Castalo, a 44-year-old resident of Liberty, Missouri, originally from Ireland, states that during the Civil War, he demonstrated his loyalty to the United States Government by nursing the sick and wounded. The oath, No. 15 in a bound volume, was signed by Castalo in 1866.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: Nathl. Lyon, Brig. Genl., U.S.A. Killed at the battle of Springfield, Mo., Aug. 10, 1861.
Description: Illustration of Brigadier General Nathaniel Lyon created after his death at the Battle of Springfield, Missouri, circa 1862-1863.
Object Type: Image

Title: Examination of Henry Chaney
Description: This is Henry Chaney's Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Chaney, a 43-year-old resident of Liberty, Missouri, states that he remained loyal to the United States Government during the Civil War. The oath, labeled No. 40 in a bound volume, was signed by Chaney in 1866.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: Battle of Chickamauga
Description: Kurz & Allison lithograph of the Battle of Chickamauga, circa 1890.
Object Type: Image

Title: William Clarke Quantrill
Description: Charcoal portrait of William Clarke Quantrill in suit coat and tie. Captain William Clarke Quantrill was the most noted of all guerrilla leaders. His commission was as Captain of Cavalry Scouts for the Confederates. He led the raid or massacre on Lawrence, Kansas, on August 21, 1863. After the Battle of Westport in October 1864, Quantrill went to Kentucky where he was mortally wounded by Federal soldiers. He was taken to a hospital in Louisville, Kentucky, where he died June 6, 1865, at the age of 27.
Object Type: Image

Title: From E.R. Brawner to Sue Brawner
Description: This letter, dated November 10, 1861, is from E.R. Brawner in Linneus, Missouri, to her sister Sue Brawner. E.R. Brawner writes that her friend Greg is recruiting for a cavalry company. Greg is also making plans with another man known as “Jack the Jayhawker” to “go down to Lexington and clear it out.” E.R. Brawner notes that she tried to dissuade Jack from this plan, but he is a “dare devil” and would not listen.
Object Type: Letter
Date: November 10, 1861

Title: From George W. Deitzler to Commanding Officer
Description: This U.S. Military Telegraph message was sent to the “Commanding Officer” by Maj. Gen. George W. Deitzler in Independence, Missouri on October 20, 1864. Deitzler states that after a lengthy battle on October 19, Gen. Blunt has been driven from Lexington, Missouri by a Confederate force commanded by Gen. Price. Deitzler says that the Union side lost 20 men killed and wounded, and that Gen. Price’s current position is unknown. Deitzler adds that telegraphic communication between Kansas City and St. Louis is uninterrupted, and that “the danger to Kansas is not considered imminent.”
Date: October 20, 1864

Title: From William Kaucher to William Fowler
Description: This letter, dated August 4, 1864, is from William Kaucher, Sheriff of Holt County, Missouri, to Capt. William Fowler, Provost Marshal of the 7th district of Missouri. Kaucher asks Fowler to confirm that Holt County should enlist 158 additional volunteer soldiers. He asks Fowler to ensure that Holt County is given credit for the number of men in Company C, 9th Missouri State Militia, under the command of Capt. S. Patterson.
Date: August 4, 1864

Title: Missouri State Militia Marching Orders
Description: This General Order to the Missouri State Militia outlines the etiquette of enlisted men while in ranks. S. B. Shaw comments that while marching, "no one shall fire a gun, or cry 'halt' or 'march' without orders."
Date: January 12, 1862

Title: Examination of W. Mayhugh
Description: This is W. Mayhugh's 1866 Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Mayhugh, a 49-year-old Kentucky native, states that he has lived in Missouri since 1849, and was enrolled by the military authorities as "loyal" in 1862. The oath is No. 233 in a bound volume.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: From Edward Fitch to Mr. Editor
Description: In a July 23, 1856 letter to the editor of the Hopkinton (MA) Patriot, Edward Fitch writes that “two or three” men were killed for attending a meeting of the Free State Legislature in Topeka. He says that U.S. Troops have been disarming members of the Free State party and that Border Ruffians have driven out and captured a number of Free State men. He ends the letter by stating that the people of Kansas will not allow themselves to be taxed by the Bogus Legislature.
Date: July 23, 1856

Title: The Battle of the Crater
Description: John Adams Elder painting of the Battle of the Crater, part of the Siege of Petersburg, which took place on July 30, 1864.
Object Type: Image
Date: n.d.

Civil War on the Western Border: The Missouri-Kansas Conflict, 1854-1865

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