Civil War

Title: General Orders, No. 2
Description: Col. J.J. Gravely and Lieut. H. Mitchel of the Missouri State Militia issued General Order No. 2 on August 26, 1864. They instruct officers of companies stationed in Springfield, Missouri to prohibit their soldiers from leaving camp without permission. As punishment, "any soldier found absent from his command . . . will be arrested and confined."
Date: August 26, 1864

Title: Examination of Wiley C. Ellis
Description: This is Wiley C. Ellis's Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Ellis describes himself as a 34-year-old resident of Clay County, Missouri who was born in Tennessee. He states that during the Civil War, he sympathized "with the people on both sides," and maintained his loyalty to the United States Government "by obeying all the laws so far as I was able." The oath, labeled No. 81 in a bound volume, was signed by Ellis in 1866.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: Abraham Lincoln, Candidate for U.S. President, Before Delivering His Cooper Union Address in New York City
Description: Photograph of presidential candidate Abraham Lincoln prior to his Cooper Union speech, one of the most critical in his successful campaign for the presidency.
Object Type: Image
Date: February 27, 1860

Title: From John A. Bushnell to Eugenia Bronaugh
Description: John A. Bushnell writes from St. Louis, Missouri on August 4, 1864 to Eugenia Bronaugh in Hickory Grove, Missouri. John worries about tension between the radical and conservative parties, declaring there is “more bitter feeling between them than ever was between the Secesh and Union parties.” John believes it may not be prudent for him to return home, because of “the way I was treated before I left, and the way I have been treated since I left.” He hints that he must censor his letter since “it might be seen by others.”
Date: August 4, 1864

Title: From Lisbon Applegate to William Heryford, Jr.
Description: This letter, dated January 15, 1865, is from Lisbon Applegate in Keytesville, Chariton County, Missouri, to William Heryford, Jr. Applegate reports that he sold Heryford’s hogs, but has not yet sold his cows: “the buyers here are endeavoring to get stock at almost nothing, taking advantage of the disturbances in the country.” He adds that many local citizens plan to leave the area because of the current turmoil.
Date: January 15, 1865

Title: Examination of Milton Singleton
Description: This is Milton R. Singleton's Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Singleton, a 48-year-old resident of Liberty, Missouri, states that he was born in Kentucky and served in the Enrolled Missouri Militia during the Civil War. The oath, labeled No. 26 in a bound volume, was signed by Singleton in 1866.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: From W. Leonard Birney to A. Comingo
Description: This letter, dated November 9, 1863, is from Sgt. W. Leonard Birney in Plattsburg, Missouri to Capt. A. Comingo, Provost Marshal of the 6th district of Missouri. Birney states that he has enclosed vouchers for military expenditures and asks Comingo to verify whether he filled them out correctly.
Date: November 9, 1863

Title: Examination of John Sakey
Description: This is John Sakey's 1866 Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Sakey, 70, states that he has lived in Missouri since the fall of 1815, and was required to give bond by the military authorities during the war. The oath is No. 226 in a bound volume.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: John Doy and Rescue Party
Description: Photograph taken by Amon Gilbert DaLee in Lawrence, Kansas Territory in the summer of 1859 depicting Dr. John Doy, his son Charles, and his rescue party, which freed him from the St. Joseph, MO jail on July 23, 1859, where he was being held on charges of abducting slaves.
Object Type: Image
Date: 1859

Title: William Jenkins
Description: This sepia carte de visite depicts Capt. William Jenkins, who served in Company C, Seventh Kansas Volunteer Cavalry. The photograph, ca. 1861-1865, was produced by Armstead & White of Corinth, Mississippi.
Object Type: Image

Title: From Elias Stover to William Sayer Blakely
Description: Elias Stover writes a letter from Camp Blair, Kansas on March 25, 1862 to his friend William Sayer Blakely. Three days prior, Stover says, he marched into Missouri along with Maj. Pomeroy and 70 other men from the 2nd Kansas Cavalry Regiment. They ambushed a house where William Quantrill and his men were staying; they killed eight people, took six prisoner, stole horses and arms, and burned down the house, but Quantrill escaped.
Date: March 25, 1862

Title: Major-General Joseph Hooker
Description: Full-length portrait of Major-General Joseph Hooker in military uniform and mounted, with two tents and a large building in the background.
Object Type: Image

Title: Discharge of George McMillin
Description: These are the official discharge papers for George McMillin, who served as a private under Captain James Dunne in Company A of the 1st Regiment of Missouri Engineers from 1861 to 1864. The document, dated July 22, 1864, describes McMillin as a 23 year old farmer from Gentry County, Missouri. He was discharged after completing his term of service.
Date: July 22, 1864

Title: From John M. Schofield to Thomas Carney
Description: This letter, written on the letterhead of Headquarters, Department of the Missouri and dated August 29, 1863, was sent by John M. Schofield in St. Louis to Kansas Governor Thomas Carney in Topeka, Kansas. Writing in the aftermath of Quantrill’s raid on Lawrence, Kansas, Major General Schofield states his hope that President Lincoln will appoint a Court of Inquiry to investigate the raid. Schofield refers to a meeting proposed for September 8, 1863 in Paola, Kansas, in which participants plan to enter Missouri “to recover their stolen property.” Schofield emphasizes the need to preempt this potentially violent meeting.
Date: August 29, 1863

Title: St. Joseph, Missouri
Description: This bird's eye view of Saint Joseph, Missouri was created by A. Ruger and published by the Merchants Lithographing Co. in 1868.
Object Type: Image
Date: 1868

Title: Application of Pink D. Booker
Description: These are documents from Pink D. Booker’s application for compensation from the United States government for the military service of his slave, Stef Bland. The documents, dated November 10, 1866, include a statement that Bland was born into slavery, a power of attorney transfer to Isaac C. Dodge, and the signatures of two witnesses and a notary public in Saline County, Missouri.
Object Type: Legal Document
Date: November 10, 1866

Title: From Florella Brown Adair to Samuel Lyle Adair and Emma Adair
Description: This letter was written by Florella Brown Adair on January 13 and 14, 1861 at Martha’s, to her husband Samuel Lyle Adair and daughter Emma Adair. Florella is glad to hear they received the barrels she sent, but was dismayed that they had to pay additional money for their delivery upon receipt, and that they had been broken open, seemingly on purpose. Florella writes of a man from Douglas County, Kansas who is in a nearby Ohio town collecting money to send home. She says he might collect so much from people they will not have as much to give to Osawatomie, Kansas; she also fears that Lykins County, Kansas will not receive its fair share of relief funds.
Date: January 13, 1861-January 14, 1861

Title: Examination of Edward Owens
Description: This is Edward Owens's 1866 Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Owens, a 39-year-old native of England, states that he has lived in Missouri for 14 years, and was enrolled by the military authorities as "loyal" in 1862. The oath is No. 261 in a bound volume.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: Gen. Hancock with Officers
Description: Black and white photograph of Generals Winfield S. Hancock, Francis C. Barlow, David B. Birney, and John Gibbon.
Object Type: Image

Title: Kansas - Col. Sumner Arriving at Constitution Hall
Description: Wood engraving of Col. Sumner dispersing the Topeka Legislature on July 4, 1856. The Topeka legislature met to draft a request to Congress for the admission of Kansas as a free state, but federal soldiers under command of Colonel Edwin Vose Sumner dispersed the assembly. The Topeka Constitution was approved by the U.S. House of Representatives, but the U.S. Senate rejected it by two votes.
Object Type: Image
Date: July 26, 1856

Civil War on the Western Border: The Missouri-Kansas Conflict, 1854-1865

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