Civil War

Title: Dividing the National Map
Description: Satirical illustration parodying the four candidates of the 1860 presidential election. Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas tear at the western part of the country, John C. Breckinridge tears at the southern part of the map, while John Bell attempts to glue the map back together with a comically small jar of glue.
Object Type: Image

Title: From Samuel Worthington to Dear Father
Description: This letter, dated October 27, 1864, was written by Samuel Worthington at Headquarters, District of South Kansas, Paola, Kansas, to his father. Worthington states that he recently returned from the front, where he took part in five cavalry charges in one day during the Battle of Mine Creek. He describes participating in a charge with the 7th Kansas Cavalry in which they took 5 pieces of artillery and captured 300 prisoners including Confederate Gen. Marmaduke. “The Rebs are whipped completely,” Worthington declares.
Date: October 27, 1864

Title: From Florella Brown Adair to Samuel Lyle Adair
Description: On November 30, 1862, Florella Brown Adair writes from Osawatomie, Kansas, to her husband Samuel Lyle Adair. Florella discusses various household and community matters, stating that she has “a black woman coming to help me.” She says she heard a report that Gen. Blunt was going to Fort Smith with his whole command, and also heard that their son Charles was involved in battle and was “among the first to take the Rebbel Battery.”
Date: November 30, 1862

Title: From William Heryford Jr. to Lisbon Applegate
Description: This letter, dated March 24, 1865, is from William Heryford, Jr. to Lisbon Applegate in Keytesville, Chariton County, Missouri. Heryford states that he had contracted a black girl named Rose to work in his home for a year, but her master, Mr. Hyde, violated their contract by taking her home prematurely. Heryford requests that Applegate hire an attorney for him, and complains that “Mr. Hyde is the last man friend . . . to take advantage of me after the many favors Ive done him during this unholy war.”
Object Type: Letter
Date: March 24, 1865

Title: Squatter Sovereign
Description: The first issue of the Squatter Sovereign. The Squatter Sovereign, the most prominent of the proslavery newspapers in Kansas Territory, was first published in Atchison, Kansas in 1855. It printed some of the most inflammatory proslavery rhetoric in the territory, before ironically being purchased by the antislavery Samuel C. Pomeroy in March 1857. Pomeroy, an affiliate of the Massachusetts Emigrant Aid Society, turned the paper in favor of the Free-State cause before reselling it to John A. Martin, who renamed it Freedom's Champion.
Object Type: Newspaper Article
Date: February 3, 1855

Title: Missouri Militia Request for Recommendations for Enrolling and Exemption Officers
Description: Missouri Militia Colonel Hosea G. Mullings requests that James J. Akard recommends "suitable persons as Enrolling and Exemption Officers for Polk and Cedar Counties" in southwestern Missouri.
Date: May 18, 1865

Title: Examination of Timothy R. Dale
Description: This is Timothy R. Dale's Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Dale describes himself as a 62-year-old resident of Liberty, Missouri who was born in Kentucky. He states that he remained loyal to the United States Government during the Civil War but "was too old to take up arms." The oath, labeled No. 112 in a bound volume, was signed by Dale in 1866.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: From Charles Adair to Samuel Lyle Adair
Description: On September 16, 1860, Charles Adair writes from Rawsonville to his father Samuel Lyle Adair. Charles describes his recent visit to Oberlin, where he met an old classmate of his father’s and attended a concert. He says that he would like to attend school in Hudson, Ohio, but believes his father may need his assistance at home; Charles asks him to decide what is best.
Date: September 16, 1860

Title: Examination of F.M. Corum
Description: This is F.M. Corum's 1866 Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Corum, a 32-year-old resident of Clay County, Missouri, states that he has resided in Missouri for four years and was enrolled by the military authorities as "loyal" in 1862. The oath is No. 139 in a bound volume.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: First Territorial Capitol, Pawnee, Kansas
Description: An 1855 photograph of the first territorial capitol of Kansas during its construction, located in the ghost town of Pawnee, Geary County, Kansas.
Object Type: Image
Date: 1855

Title: From William S. Field to George R. Smith
Description: On May 27, 1856, William S. Field writes from Lexington, Missouri to Gen. George R. Smith in Georgetown, Pettis County, Missouri. Field states that he has consented to run for Circuit Attorney if he becomes the nominee for the American party, and will likely run against Mr. Crews of Saline County, Missouri. He refers to "the contest for Congress" between Smith and Mr. Akers, and warns Smith that "Many here are trying to slay you on the negro question, which is unjust & wrong."
Date: May 27, 1856

Title: From William Fowler to John Flint
Description: On January 31, 1865, Capt. William Fowler, Provost Marshal, 7th District Missouri, writes from St. Joseph, Missouri, to Deputy Provost Marshal John Flint. Fowler states that he has been directed by the War Department to gather information about the family of Thomas Megglemore of Harrison County, Missouri. He explains that Megglemore's father applied for his son's release from Co. D, 23rd Mo. Vols., so he can "contribute to the support of" of the family. Fowler instructs Flint to procure at least two affidavits regarding the family's "true condition."
Date: January 31, 1865

Title: David Rice Atchison
Description: Daguerreotype of Missouri politician David Rice Atchison, taken by photographer Mathew Brady at the United States Capitol at Washington, D.C., March 1849. On October 3, 1855, Atchison and other proslavery activists met at Leavenworth, Kansas to form the Law & Order Party, which cited criminal violence as justification to target, attack, and arrest persons associated with the Free-State cause.
Object Type: Image
Date: March, 1849

Title: Battle of Spotsylvania
Description: L. Prang & Co. lithograph print of the Battle of Spotsylvania as painted by Thure de Thulstrup, circa 1887.
Object Type: Image

Title: Statements of Clothing Prices and Clothing Invoices
Description: This military document includes a statement on clothing prices beginning in July 1861. Following this statement are two invoices of clothing turned over to Captain David D. Stockton from Colonel Joseph W. McClurg and Captain Henry D. Moore, all of which are officers of the Missouri State Militia 8th Cavalry Regiment.
Date: December 8, 1862

Title: Examination of Michael Dixon
Description: This is Michael Dixon's 1866 Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Dixon, a 45-year-old native of Ireland, states that he has lived in Missouri for 16 years and "was one week in the service" during the war. He also says that he was enrolled by the military authorities as "loyal" in 1862, and was not required to give bond. The oath is No. 248 in a bound volume.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: Examination of John Dulin
Description: This is John Dulin's 1866 Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Dulin, a 48-year-old resident of Clay County, Missouri, states that he "was on the side of the federal Government" during the war. The oath is No. 155 in a bound volume.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: William T. Anderson
Description: A photograph of William "Bloody Bill" T. Anderson that appears in the 1914 publication of "Three years with Quantrell; a true story".
Object Type: Image
Date: 1864

Title: John T. Hughes
Description: Photograph of Colonel John Taylor Hughes of the First Infantry Regiment, Fourth Division, Missouri State Guards. A veteran of the Mexican War, Hughes joined the Missouri State Guard following the Camp Jackson Affair and participated in several battles including the Battle of Carthage, the Battle of Wilson's Creek, the Siege of Lexington, and the First Battle of Independence where he was killed while leading a charge.
Object Type: Image
Date: n.d.

Title: 1st Kansas Colored Infantry flag
Description: Regimental flag of the First Kansas Colored Volunteer Infantry, who triumphed over the Missouri State Guard in the Battle of Island Mound. It was the first battle of the Civil War to be fought by a regiment of African-American soldiers.
Object Type: Image

Civil War on the Western Border: The Missouri-Kansas Conflict, 1854-1865

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