Civil War

Title: Examination of William S. Garvey
Description: This is William S. Garvey's Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Garvey describes himself as a 46-year-old resident of Clay County, Missouri who was born in Kentucky. He states that he enrolled in the militia "and took up arms" during the Civil War. Garvey states that he left the state "to get me a wife but not to avoid service." The oath, labeled No. 112 in a bound volume, was signed by Garvey in 1866.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: Payne Jones
Description: Charcoal portrait of Payne Jones in hat, shirt, and pullover typical of Quantrill's guerrillas trimmed with buttons along the shoulders, V neck, and tops of pockets. Jones was part of Quantrill's raid on Lawrence, Kansas, August 21, 1863, and the Centralia, Missouri, massacre on September 27, 1864. After the war, he became a member of the James-Younger gang. According to the "Missouri Republican," November 11, 1867, Jones was shot November 6, 1867, during a robbery attempt.
Object Type: Image

Title: From John A. Bushnell to Eugenia Bronaugh
Description: John A. Bushnell writes a letter from Clinton, Missouri to Eugenia Bronaugh in Hickory Grove, Missouri. In the letter, dated July 3 and 5, 1864, Bushnell expresses fear that his life may be in danger and that his letters may be misconstrued as disloyal. He criticizes traitors and declares that this country was “not made by selfish hands for selfish purposes.” He says that soldiers have left Calhoun, and that he would like to know what they are doing next, but does not want to “manifest any unusual curiosities.” He also mentions hearing a sermon on Independence Day about racial equality.
Object Type: Letter
Date: July 3, 1864-July 5, 1864

Title: 1860 Presidential Election Returns from Caldwell, Carroll, Chariton, and Clay Counties, Missouri
Description: These are the election returns from Caldwell, Carroll, Chariton, and Clay Counties in Missouri for the Presidential election held on November 6, 1860. In Caldwell County, Bell received 367 votes; Douglas 263 votes; Breckenridge 186 votes; and Lincoln 43 votes. In Carroll County, Douglas received 752 votes; Bell 552 votes; Breckenridge 276 votes; and Lincoln 3 votes. In Clay County, Bell received 1,045 votes; Douglas 528 votes; Breckenridge 305 votes; and Lincoln “Nairy Vote.” The Chariton County document accounts for votes from each electoral precinct in the county, but does not provide a list of votes for the individual candidates.
Object Type: Legal Document
Date: November 7, 1860-November 10, 1860

Title: From J.F. Snyder to Robert M. Stewart
Description: In this dispatch, dated August 7, 1858, J.F. Snyder reports to Missouri Gov. Robert M. Stewart on “the true condition of affairs upon the border” in Bates County, Missouri. He informs Stewart that a number of Kansas citizens who sought safety in Missouri returned to Kansas to commit acts of revenge, and were followed back into Missouri by their victims. He adds that citizens of Bates County feel unsafe, and declares that military force is necessary. He suggests that Stewart offer a reward for the capture of five people involved in a recent murder.
Date: August 7, 1858

Title: Fort Riley
Description: This stereograph of Fort Riley, Kansas was taken by Alexander Gardner. Gardner titles the image, "Fort Riley. No longer an outpost, Kansas. 420 miles west of St. Louis, Mo."
Object Type: Image
Date: 1867

Title: Examination of John Ferrel
Description: This is John Ferrel's 1866 Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Ferrel, an 81-year-old Virginia native, states that he has resided in Clay County, Missouri for 28 years. The oath is No. 141 in a bound volume.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: Letters Received (Kansas Provost Marshal's Office)
Description: This notebook is a record of correspondence received by the Kansas Provost Marshal's Office in Leavenworth, Kansas, between 1863 and 1865. Topics addressed include army deserters; American Indians; information about new recruits and substitutions; and special orders from Washington. Participants in the correspondence include Gen. H.S. Halleck; Maj. Gen. John Pope; and Sidney Clarke, Kansas Acting Asst. Provost Marshal General.
Date: 1863-1865

Title: Missouri State Militia Special Order No. 174
Description: By order of Missouri State Militia Major George W. Murphy, Thomas J. Shinn instructs Captain James J. Akard to take his men of the 8th Cavalry Regiment and march to Greenfield, Missouri. Once there, Akard is instructed to report to Captain Calvin S. Moore for further instructions in order to pursue Confederate forces.
Date: June 25, 1864

Title: Examination of Ezekiel Bailey
Description: This is Ezekiel Bailey's Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Bailey, a 37-year-old resident of Clay County, Missouri, states that he was born in Illinois and that he served as a Union soldier during the Civil War. The oath, labeled No. 61 in a bound volume, was signed by Bailey in 1866.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: 1866

Title: Excerpt from John Deering's Diary
Description: This excerpt from John Deering’s diary was written between January 5 and June 7, 1858. Deering, who arrived in Kansas Territory from Maine in March 1857, describes daily life in Douglas County, Kansas. Deering records his purchase of a new claim after his own was “taken by Indians,” and his efforts to build a shop in Prairie City, Kansas. On February 27, Deering writes that he attended an election to nominate delegates for the Leavenworth Constitutional Convention. On April 23, he notes that he heard Jim Lane and others speak about the constitution.
Object Type: Diary
Date: January 5, 1858-June 7, 1858

Title: Battle of Westport
Description: Newell Convers Wyeth mural of the Battle of Westport, fought on October 23, 1864, which is displayed at the Missouri State Capitol.
Object Type: Image

Title: Thomas (Tom) Maupin
Description: Charcoal portrait of Thomas (Tom) Maupin wearing a checked shirt covered by a pullover with decorated pockets and decorations around the V neck. Maupin was part of Quantrill's raid on Lawrence, Kansas, August 21, 1863, and the Centralia, Missouri, massacre on September 27, 1864. "Weekly Graphic" of Kirksville, Missouri, April 7, 1882, page 1, relates that Maupin owned several cattle ranches in Texas; other sources say he was killed near Rocheport on May 24, 1865.
Object Type: Image

Title: Battle of Carthage, Missouri
Description: This drawing, based on a sketch made during the battle on July 5, 1861, shows Union troops under Franz Sigel's command firing upon the Confederate position in Carthage, Missouri.
Object Type: Image
Date: August 3, 1861

Title: From H.C. Wood to A. Comingo
Description: This dispatch, dated October 9, 1863, is from U.S. Army Capt. H.C. Wood to Capt. A. Comingo, Provost Marshal of the 6th district of Missouri. Wood states that Comingo's accounts cannot be settled until he sends the "Oaths" of his employees to the Provost Marshal General's Bureau in Washington, D.C.
Date: October 9, 1863

Title: William T. Anderson
Description: Portrait of William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson
Object Type: Image
Date: 1864

Title: Examination of Edmund Haynes
Description: This is Edmund Haynes's Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Haynes describes himself as a 48-year-old resident of Clay County, Missouri who was born in Kentucky. He states that he remained loyal to the United States Government during the Civil War. The oath, labeled No. 94 in a bound volume, was signed by Haynes on October 6, 1866.
Object Type: Government Document
Date: October 6, 1866

Title: James S. Cunningham
Description: This tintype photograph, taken circa 1861-1865, shows James S. Cunningham in the uniform of the 8th Regiment of the Missouri Infantry. Cunningham served as a private in Company D and was a recipient of the Congressional Medal of Honor.
Object Type: Image

Title: From James B. Fry to E.B. Alexander
Description: On November 7, 1863, James B. Fry, Provost Marshal General in Washington, DC, writes to Col. E.B. Alexander, Acting Assistant Provost Marshal General in St. Louis. Fry informs Alexander that the enrollment quota for Missouri under Lincoln's call for three hundred thousand volunteers is 13,516 men. Fry also provides the exact number of men required from each Missouri district.
Date: November 7, 1863

Title: From William H. Doah to Robert M. Stewart
Description: This dispatch was sent to Missouri Gov. Robert M. Stewart on April 21, 1859 by Capt. William H. Doah, Company B, Missouri Militia at Headquarters, Missouri Militia, in Butler, Bates County, Missouri. Doah reports that some Missouri citizens in “thinly settled neighborhoods” along the state line fear they will be attacked by guerrillas from Kansas. Therefore, Doah plans to “move on the line with my company in seven or eight days or as soon as I get the necessary arms.” Doah requests that “some fifty stand of muskets” be sent to the citizens of West Point, Missouri for their defense.
Date: April 21, 1859

Civil War on the Western Border: The Missouri-Kansas Conflict, 1854-1865

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