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Title
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From W.W. Phillips to John B. Ward
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Description
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W.W. Phillips writes a letter from Auburn, Kansas to his friend John B. Ward on May 21, 1861. Phillips tells Ward that Kansas is full of excitement: “War. War. is the cry.” He says that troops are organizing in preparation for defense, and he declares that “We are Ready for Missouri.” He also anticipates there will be a conflict with Native Americans living nearby.
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Object Type
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Letter
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Date
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May 21, 1861
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Title
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List of Morgan County Radicals in This District
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Description
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This document, ca. 1861-1865, provides a list of “radicals in this District.” Each of the 22 “radicals” is identified by name, town, and county; most are from Andrew County, Missouri. A note on the reverse states “There are some others but don’t know their address.”
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Title
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From Edward Fitch to Dear Parents
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Description
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Edward Fitch writes a letter to his parents from Lawrence, Kansas on May 5, 1861. He tells them that if Missouri secedes, Kansas will have to fight. He asks how people in Massachusetts feel about the war, and expresses hope that the “Yankees” will go to battle with the South and not stop until slavery is eradicated. “War is terrible,” he says, “but sometimes it is necessary for the good of the whole world.”
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Date
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May 5, 1861
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Title
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John R. Boyd Handbill
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Description
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This handbill, signed by John R. Boyd, urges the citizens of Buchanan County, Missouri to join arms and fight against the “usurping invader, Fremont.” Boyd instructs them to bring their shot guns and rifles to Rock House Prairie, where hundreds of men have set up camp and plan to fight until they achieve freedom, “or be buried beneath the dead bodies of men who would rather die than be slaves.”
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Object Type
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Leaflet
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Title
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From Edward Bates to Hamilton R. Gamble
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Description
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On August 2, 1861, Edward Bates writes from the Attorney General's Office to Hamilton R. Gamble. Bates applauds "the wise course taken by the Missouri Convention," and congratulates Gamble on his appointment as Provisional Governor of the state. "The internal peace of Missouri & its security," he declares, "…will do more towards the suppression of the insurrection in the border states, than 100,000 of our best men in arms."
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Date
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August 2, 1861
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Title
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From A.J. Huntoon to My Dear Lizzie
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Description
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A.J. Huntoon writes a letter from Williamsport in Shawnee County, Kansas to his wife Lizzie, announcing that the country is “in a state of great political excitement” following the seizure of Fort Sumter. The letter, dated April 19, 21, and 22, 1861, states that Confederate supporters tried to raise a Palmetto flag in St. Joseph, Missouri, but Union supporters stopped them. Huntoon informs his wife that militia companies are organizing in Kansas, and he asks her if she objects to him becoming an assistant surgeon for the army. He also relays the news that Gen. Lane has been placed in command of 1,000 men in Washington.
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Date
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April 19, 1861-April 22, 1861
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Title
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Proclamation to the State of Missouri
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Description
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In response to the federal government’s order that all eligible men enroll for the draft, Upton Hays and William Clarke Quantrill issue this proclamation to the state of Missouri. Hays and Quantrill state that all Missourians joining their forces will be furnished with arms and ammunition. “Any one who shall be found guilty of reporting to any military post the whereabouts of any Southern person shall be shot,” while men eligible for military duty who leave the state will be deemed “enemies of the ‘South’ and treated accordingly.”
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Object Type
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Circular
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Date
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August 4, 1862
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Title
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From T.E. Brawner to Sue Brawner
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Description
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This letter, from January 12, 1862, is from T.E. Brawner in Linneus, Missouri, to Sue Brawner. T.E., presumed to be a Union soldier, writes “I am now out of the service but if the Rebels make their raids in this State again this summer, you will no doubt hear of me being in the service again.” T.E. notes that, regardless of the War, he has not "lost any of my love for the old stars and stripes." He sends his love for his son Eddie, asking Sue to “tell him Pa wants to see him more than ever.”
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Date
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January 12, 1862
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Title
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Act to Provide for Calling a State Convention, 1861
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Description
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This act, approved January 21, 1861 by Missouri Secretary of State B.F. Massey in Jefferson City, Missouri, calls for a state convention to consider the “relations between the Government of the United States… and the Government and people of the State of Missouri; and to adopt such measures for vindicating the sovereignty of the State, and the protection of its institutions, as shall appear to them to be demanded.” The act states that delegates to the convention will be elected by popular vote on February 18, 1861 and will convene in Jefferson City on February 28, 1861. The document is signed by B.F. Massey and Missouri Gov. Claiborne Fox Jackson.
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Object Type
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Government Document
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Date
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January 21, 1861
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Title
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From James H. Birch to Hamilton R. Gamble
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Description
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This letter, ca. August 1861, is from James H. Birch at Planter's House to Missouri Gov. Hamilton R. Gamble. Birch says that Gamble may send arms for the Plattsburg Company to his personal address in Cameron, Missouri, and he will ensure their "legal disposition." Birch also seeks military appointments from Gamble for himself and his son.
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Object Type
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Letter
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Title
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From A.J. Huntoon to My Dear Lizzie
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Description
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On April 26, 1861, A.J. Huntoon writes a letter from Topeka to his wife Lizzie. He informs her that Kansas is preparing for war and that he plans to start a company of mounted riflemen in Williamsport Township. He says that rumors have circulated about a possible attack by the Osage tribe, and that Governor Robinson responded by warning the Osage to leave the white settlers alone. Huntoon also says he heard a rumor that Indians attacked Fort Riley. He does not believe the rumor, and yet “We are preparing for the worst.”
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Date
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April 26, 1861
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Title
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From S.S. Sawyer to John P. Bowman
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Description
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This telegram, dated March 9, 1861, was sent by S.S. Sawyer in Jefferson City, Missouri, to John P. Bowman (presumably the sheriff of Lexington, Missouri). Sawyer relates details of a committee report, presumably that of the Missouri State Convention’s Committee on Federal Relations, which was meeting in St. Louis to consider secession. Sawyer states that the committee is "against secession, against coercion, [and] for Crittenden amendment." He notes that "the majority [are] for national, the minority for border slave state convention."
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Object Type
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Telegram
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Date
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March 9, 1861
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Title
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From Sarah A. Fitch to My Dear Mother
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Description
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Sarah A. Fitch writes a letter to her mother on April 24, 1861 from Lawrence, Kansas. She discusses her son's health and reports that her husband Edward has postponed his trip to St. Louis after hearing news of the war’s commencement, and says, “I feel as tho I could fight when I read of the outrageous conduct of the South.” She mentions the possibility of Missouri seceding and predicts that Missourians will face trouble if they do not “let Kansas alone.”
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Object Type
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Letter
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Date
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April 24, 1861
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Title
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From Calvin Iserman to Brother William
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Description
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This letter, dated January 20, 1861, was sent by Calvin Iserman in Independence, Missouri, to his brother William. Calvin writes that Independence is “in favor of secession,” and predicts “there is going to be a civil war.” He fears being driven from Missouri along with other “Eastern men,” adding that those who voted for Lincoln are also under threat. Calvin describes a foiled “abolitionist” raid on a Missouri plantation (possibly Walker’s Raid of December 10, 1860), in which all the attackers were killed.
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Date
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January 20, 1861
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Title
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Edward Fitch
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Description
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This black and white portrait depicts Edward Payson Fitch. He was born in Hopkinton, Massachusetts in 1857 and was one of the early settlers in Kansas Territory. On August 21, 1863, he was killed in Quantrill’s Raid on Lawrence. An intruder shot him in the heart, then burned down his house with his body still inside. His wife and three children escaped.
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Object Type
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Image
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Title
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From Joseph Denison to Br. Griffing
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Description
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This letter, dated January 3, 1861, was written by Joseph Denison in Philadelphia to Br. Griffing. Joseph discusses the relief efforts of the Methodist Church in Kansas, which are being hindered by the threat of war. “Many think that War is inevitable,” he writes, “and affirm that if it does come it will be the end of slavery.” Joseph adds that if more people heard about the difficulties of Kansans, “it would arouse them to a sense of the real suffering in Kansas.”
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Date
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January 3, 1861
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Title
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From Powell Clayton to John Halderman
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Description
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Powell Clayton writes a letter from Pine Bluff, Arkansas to Gen. John Halderman on October 21, 1864. He says that he is not convinced by Gen. Magruder’s threats to attack Pine Bluff; he believes that Magruder is attempting to detract attention from Gen. Price’s movements in Missouri. Clayton expresses hope that slavery will be abolished and that Lincoln will win the upcoming presidential election. He declares, “it is the duty of all Patriots, independent of past party predilections, to vote for Lincoln and Johnson.”
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Date
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October 21, 1864
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Title
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From Unknown to Dear Brother
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Description
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This letter, dated September 30, 1861, is from an unknown writer in Pleasant Nook, Missouri to his or her brother. Since newspaper reports are “entirely one sided,” if not “entirely false,” the letter writer endeavors to provide an account of recent Missouri politics and warfare. The writer refers to Hamilton Gamble’s appointment as governor and his subsequent call for “42 thousand volunteers;” local recruitment efforts have been unsuccessful. The writer also describes battles at Carthage and Springfield, noting that a local boy claims to have ripped General Sigel’s epaulette from his uniform during the Springfield conflict.
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Date
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September 30, 1861
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Title
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From Edward and Sarah Fitch to Dear Mother
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Description
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Edward Fitch, along with his wife Sarah, writes a letter to his mother in Massachusetts on December 8, 1861. They describe their family’s Thanksgiving celebration in Lawrence, Kansas, where they served a baked turkey and twenty-five pies. Edward goes on to criticize James Henry Lane and accuses him of stealing money. He also expresses disappointment about the removal of John Fremont from military command: “He has been grossly abused by men in high places because they thought he was getting to be more popular than they themselves were.”
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Date
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December 8, 1861
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Title
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From E.R. Brawner to Sue Brawner
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Description
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This letter, dated November 10, 1861, is from E.R. Brawner in Linneus, Missouri, to her sister Sue Brawner. E.R. Brawner writes that her friend Greg is recruiting for a cavalry company. Greg is also making plans with another man known as “Jack the Jayhawker” to “go down to Lexington and clear it out.” E.R. Brawner notes that she tried to dissuade Jack from this plan, but he is a “dare devil” and would not listen.
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Object Type
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Letter
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Date
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November 10, 1861
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